How it Works

How Cred402 Works

Cred402 verifies a credential against a proof anchored on Hedera — and tells you whether the file changed after it was issued. Verifiers need no account, no login, and no registration: upload a file, settle a tiny pay-per-use fee with x402, and get a tamper-aware report.

The flow

Eight steps from upload to proof

Everything is deterministic — no AI guesswork. Each step is observable in the live verification engine.

  1. 1

    Upload a file

    Any PDF, PNG, or JPG. No account, no sign-up.

  2. 2

    Hash in memory

    The server computes a SHA-256 fingerprint. The file is never stored.

  3. 3

    Identify credential

    Match by hash, or by an embedded credential ID for known PDFs.

  4. 4

    402 Payment Required

    The full report is gated by a genuine HTTP 402 x402 challenge.

  5. 5

    Settle on Hedera

    A small pay-per-use fee settles in testnet HBAR via x402.

  6. 6

    Confirm on Mirror

    Settlement is independently verified on the Hedera Mirror Node.

  7. 7

    Run six checks

    The deterministic engine resolves each check against the HCS anchor.

  8. 8

    Release the report

    A tamper-aware verdict with on-chain proof + HashScan links.

Six checks

Each check produces PASS / FAIL / WARN / SKIP with concrete evidence.

  1. 1

    Hash integrity

    Uploaded SHA-256 vs the HCS-anchored issuance hash.

  2. 2

    Credential known

    The credential ID resolves in the registry.

  3. 3

    Issuer registered

    The issuer exists and is trusted.

  4. 4

    Revocation

    The latest HCS status event is not REVOKED.

  5. 5

    Expiration

    The credential is within its valid time window.

  6. 6

    HCS evidence

    The issuance event is retrievable from the Mirror Node with a matching hash.

Six verdicts

The checks resolve to one verdict by precedence: UNKNOWN → UNREGISTERED_ISSUER → TAMPERED → REVOKED → EXPIRED → VALID.

  • VALID

    Hash matches the anchored original.

  • TAMPERED

    Known credential, but the hash diverges from the anchor.

  • REVOKED

    A CREDENTIAL_REVOKED event exists.

  • EXPIRED

    Outside its valid time window.

  • UNREGISTERED_ISSUER

    Not issued by a registered Cred402 issuer.

  • UNKNOWN

    No matching anchored record was found.

The honest boundary

What happens with a custom certificate?

Cred402 verifies a file against a previously registered and anchored proof. It does not guess whether an arbitrary document looks authentic.

Any file can be uploaded

PDF, PNG, or JPG — the app accepts any supported file for verification.

Exact files match by SHA-256

A byte-identical copy of an anchored file resolves against its stored hash.

Known PDFs may match by ID

Some PDFs carry an embedded credential ID the engine can resolve.

Random files → UNKNOWN

A file with no matching anchor and no known ID returns UNKNOWN — not "fake".

PNG / JPEG are hash-only

Images are compared by hash. There is no OCR and no visual/content analysis.

Tampering needs an anchor

To prove a file was altered, its original must have been anchored first (see the demo below).

No account required

Verifiers never sign up

Verification is a public, stateless action: you present a file and pay per call. There is nothing to register because Cred402 stores nothing about you — no profile, no email, no wallet connection in the browser. Payment is settled machine-to-machine through x402, so a human or an autonomous agent uses the exact same accountless path.

  • No sign-up, no password, no session.
  • Pay-per-use — you only pay for the reports you request.
  • Identical flow for people and machines.
H

Every report cites Hedera Consensus Service evidence — an append-only, tamper-evident record you can check yourself on HashScan.

The issuer side

How credentials normally become verifiable

In a real deployment, the institution that issues a credential anchors a proof of it. Cred402 then verifies against that anchor.

1

Issue

A school or authority issues a credential to a recipient.

2

Anchor

The issuer submits a minimal proof (a hash + ids, never the file) to a Hedera topic.

3

Verify

Anyone can later check a file against that anchor — exactly what Cred402 does.

Honest note. This proof of concept uses synthetic issuers and synthetic sample certificates. No real institution, person, or credential is represented. The mechanism is real; the data is fabricated for demonstration on Hedera testnet.

The difference

What makes Cred402 different

Not a claim to be the best — a description of the specific design choices.

Property
Cred402
Typical portal check
Account required
Pay-per-use (no subscription)
Machine-readable 402 API
Tamper detection by hash
On-chain proof (HCS + HashScan)
Independent settlement verification

Comparison is illustrative of design trade-offs, not a ranking of any specific product.

Files are never stored

Uploads are hashed in memory and discarded — only a hash is kept.

No personal data on-chain

HCS records carry a hash, ids, and a timestamp. Never file bytes or PII.

Genuine 402 gate

Reports release only after a real, independently-confirmed x402 settlement.

Replay-safe payments

Each settled transaction unlocks exactly one report (first-use-wins).

Prove it yourself

Original vs. tampered — Create Tamper Demo

Anchor a file, change one byte of a copy, and watch the verdict flip from VALID to TAMPERED — backed by the same HCS anchor.

  1. 1Upload original
  2. 2Anchor proof
  3. 3Save demo ID
  4. 4Modify file
  5. 5Upload modified copy
  6. 6Tamper result

Disclaimer. Demo registration proves whether a file changed after it was anchored. It does not prove that the uploader is a real school, authorized issuer, or owner of the credential. Records are labelled Synthetic · Demo · Hedera Testnet · Cred402 Demo Issuer.

Step 1 · Upload original

Choose the file you want to anchor. It is hashed in memory and never stored.

Drop your certificate here

PDF, PNG, JPG supported · max 5 MB

or

Hashed server-side · files are never stored

What this does
  • Computes the SHA-256 of your file in memory.
  • Creates a synthetic demo credential under the fixed Cred402 Demo Issuer.
  • Records a local issuance event (no testnet keys — proof is simulated).
  • Returns a demo ID you use to prove tampering next.

No file bytes or personal data are written on-chain — only a hash, ids, and a timestamp.

Audience

Who it's for

Employers & registrars

Confirm a certificate hasn't been altered since issuance — no portal account.

Autonomous agents

A machine-readable, pay-per-call 402 API any agent can settle and consume.

Issuers exploring anchoring

See how a hash-anchored credential proves integrity without exposing data.

Developers

A reference implementation of x402 v2 on Hedera with independent settlement proof.

Ready to verify a certificate?

No account needed. Upload a file or try a synthetic sample.

testnet network
Network:Hedera testnet
Mirror Node:testnet.mirrornode.hedera.com
Mode:unconfigured
Price:0.1 tHBAR
Facilitator:x402.org/facilitator
DB:
View on HashScan